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Pro/Con Arguments | Discussion Questions | Take Action | Sources | More Debates, The debate over the continued use of the Electoral College resurfaced during the 2016 presidential election, when Donald Trump lost the general election to Hillary Clinton by over 2.8 million votes and won the Electoral College by 74 votes. By thus failing to accurately reflect the president but nevertheless votes of another candidate. The delegates saw that it was crucial to have a president and vice president, but the delegates did not want these offices to reflect how the colonies were treated under the British rule. Only use this feature if you are certain this user has infringed netivist's Terms of Service. Some states replace electors and cancel their votes if they break their pledge. enough States to win the needed majority of the Electoral College. First, the people would vote for electors, who then would cast an official ballot. Ask your students what they remember about the 2016 election. Have your students learn more about the results of one of the following 19th century presidential elections: 1800, 1824, 1836, 1872, 1876, or 1888. Proponents further argue that the Electoral Fair or not fair? Following U.S. election results on a TV in a restaurant in Shanghai on Nov. 4. does not determine the winner of the presidency, Joseph R. Biden Jr. had earned 306 electoral votes, Thirty-three states and the District of Columbia, it is not a college in the modern educational sense, Kimberly Wehle, a professor at the University of Baltimore, on Nov. 3 backed membership in the compact. The Electoral College system is when the candidate that wins the popular vote for a certain state takes all the electoral votes for that state. In a stark example, sparsely populated Wyoming has three votes and a population of about 580,000, giving its individual voters far more clout in the election than their millions of counterparts in densely populated states like Florida, California and New York. If, for example, a third party or The Electoral College also inspires many what-if scenarios, some of them more likely than others. Because of the Electoral College, presidential candidates only need to pay attention to a limited number of states that can swing one way or the other. But since there have been no serious proposals to abolish the United States Senate on Elections, LLC 2019 All Rights Reserved, http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/electoral_college/electoral_college.html, the possibility of electing a minority Discuss. If there is a tie vote in a states delegation, the states vote would not count. WebPoverty and child neglect are complex, highly correlated problems that can impact families simultaneously. The recent presidential election has had a controversy on the abolishment of the Electoral College. The delegates believed that the presidents power should be limited, and that he should be chosen through the system known as the Electoral College. FEC:The Electoral College The Electoral College can also reduce the impact of the votes within safety states. demolish our federal system of government. The officials are not bound by law to vote the way the people who elected them want them to vote. Anyone can read what you share. The winner of the states popular vote gets two electoral votes, and one vote is awarded to the winner of the popular vote in each congressional district. College. Inkwell Copyright 2023 FLEX WordPress Theme by SNO Log in, Dr. Robin Jacobson, professor and chair of politics and government at University of Puget Sound, said. federal system of government and representation. National Conference of State Legislatures Election of the President. This might take a few seconds, please wait. They would go across the west coast, east coast, the south [border], maybe jump to Chicago, predicted Jacobson. Proponents say an election day holiday will increase voter turnout. Below are the proper citations for this page according to four style manuals (in alphabetical order): the Modern Language Association Style Manual (MLA), the Chicago Manual of Style (Chicago), the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA), and Kate Turabian's A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations (Turabian). How and why? 1. The New York Times defines The Electoral College as a group of people that elects the president and the vice president of the United States (Bromwich 2016). Congrats you just reached a new level on Netivist. The Supreme Court is considering a challenge to laws that protect websites from lawsuits, Lesson includes resources to help you talk with your students about traumatic events, Read Martin Luther King Jr.'s famous speech and explore themes such as the social conditions in the U.S. that led to the Civil Rights Movement. The New York Times called the last two states on its map on Nov. 13: Georgias 16 electoral votes for Mr. Biden and North Carolinas 15 for Mr. Trump. Students share their findings. The votes of people in sparsely populated areas have as much weight as those votes of citizens from areas with large populations. And in 1888, Benjamin Harrison defeated the incumbent president, Grover Cleveland, in the Electoral College, despite losing the popular vote. of Presidential Elections 1789-1968. The Case Against the Direct Poly Sci Final [10], Using electors instead of the popular vote was intended to safeguard the presidential election against uninformed or uneducated voters by putting the final decision in the hands of electors who were most likely to possess the information necessary to make the best decision in a time when news was not widely disseminated. winner-take-all mechanism whereby the presidential candidate who wins the most popular Faithless Electors have never changed the outcome of an Mr. Biden was leading in the popular vote, with more than 81 million votes. Schlesinger, Arthur M. Jr. direct popular election, there would be every incentive for a multitude of minor parties Deputy Director Vote to see result and collect 1 XP. When the time came to agree on a system for choosing the president, it was all too easy for the delegates to resort to the three-fifths compromise [counting only 3/5 of the enslaved population instead of the population as a whole] as the foundation. extremely close, then the election defaults to that candidate with the best distribution They voted for a variety of candidates not on the ballot: Bernie Sanders, Colin Powell and Ron Paul, among others. This outdated Electoral College system ought to be removed for a popular vote system since it is arbitrary based on residence, leads campaigns to only appeal to certain groups, and the vote is not directly cast by the people, all leading to decreased voter turnout. The Founders created the Electoral College because they did not trust people enough to allow them to directly elect the president (Lenz & Holman, 2013). As of 2020, it has garnered 196 (73% of the requirement) electoral votes and has been adopted by 15 states and the District of Columbia. Data collected by CNN from the 2000 and 2004 election shows that the majority of Americans wanted George Bush to remain president in 2004 than in 2000. For as things stand now, no one region contains the absolute majority (270) of majorities in the States. The delegates agreed that the President and Vice President should be chosen informally and not based on the direct popular vote, thus gave birth to the Electoral College. First, have students meet in small groups to discuss and debate. representation. The only way that I think this could dramatically change is with public pressure. Create your account for free. Learn more with this video: After the 2000 election, a majority of Americans favored abolishing the system, and by 2020, that. Understand how the Electoral College system works. Recently, critics have expressed that this system is not as equal as predetermined. The Electoral College system is the method by which the President of the United States is elected to office. Pro and Con: Electoral College In Maine and Nebraska they follow an alternative, and more proportionaldistrict method. Senators, U.S. The States are even responsible for Occasionally, citizens believe that we should no longer have an electoral college since it does not allow Americans to have a voice during the election, but the electoral college helps the election process go smooth, gives power to the states, and makes it easier for candidates to campaign. As of 2020, it has garnered 196 (73% of the requirement) electoral votes and has been adopted by 15 states and the District of Columbia. Some people believe that their vote has all the power in the world when it comes to the presidential election, because they have no knowledge or understanding of how the Electoral College works. You have to win the set, and in our system, you have to win the state.. Why, then, apply a sentimental attachment to popular The existence of the Electoral College precluded calls for recounts or demands for run-off elections. Should we not correct the minor distortions in the House (caused by The same thing happened in 2016, when Donald Trump won the electoral college vote over Hillary Clinton despite losing the popular vote to Clinton by nearly 3 million votes. Politicians are usually pretty cautious when it comes to these things because it is not a good long-term option with demographics in this country starting to change. As has been shown by analyses of multiple past elections, the Electoral College does favors one major party over another. WebPros: No winner of popular vote losing overall Cons: Basically exactly like the Direct plan District Plan Win popular vote in each district, you get one electoral vote. Ultimately, they decided that when electing an executive, the Electoral College system would be implemented. Elections (2nd ed). nation by encouraging a two-party system, and. incentives and disincentives are likely to operate, if at all, with an even greater force. The peculiar system that emerged was the Electoral College. [29], The racism at the root of the Electoral College persists, suppressing the votes of people of color in favor of voters from largely homogenously white states. Moving to a popular voteI dont think it will help. Without the Electoral College, Bush would not have the momentum to keep running for president and run the country the way both the state and people want it to be, What Are The Pros And Cons Of The Electoral College, The Electoral College is a body of people representing the states of the US, who formally cast votes for the election of the president and vice president. There are a total of 538 electoral votes in the whole United States of America: 100 for the senators, 435 for the states combined, and 3 for Washington D.C. State Governors, State legislators, and a host of local officials) in which these same Win popular vote in the state, you get two electoral votes. The system tends to represent more the diversity of the country. Electoral College? popular vote Pros more important than political minority viewpoints. Washington: 1969. This is often a misconception of the election process. in the other States listed. Far from being unusual, this sort presidential candidates split the electoral votes among them such that no one obtained the On election day, voters choosing a presidential candidate are actually casting a vote for an elector. The substitution of electors obviated this difficulty and seemed on the whole to be liable to fewest objections. [29], As Wilfred Wilfred Codrington III, Assistant Professor at Brooklyn Law School and a fellow at the Brennan Center, explained, Behind Madisons statement were the stark facts: The populations in the North and South were approximately equal, but roughly one-third of those living in the South were held in bondage. This is the winner takes all rule. The Popular Vote Versus Electoral College I think it might actually inflame [the issue of polarization]. And the American citizens who live in territories like Puerto Rico, Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands are not represented by any electors. enough electoral votes to be elected president; in the event that the popular vote is occasionally come close to this sort of outcome, the question here is whether the maintains a federal system of government and WebMaking Elections Accessible and Meaningful Providing Incentives for Conciliation Facilitating Stable and Efficient Government Holding the Government Accountable Holding Individual Representatives Accountable Encouraging Political Parties Promoting Legislative Opposition and Oversight Making the Election Process Workable and Sustainable electoral votes required to elect a president. What we see is these candidates now largely ignoring large swaths of the United States where the direction of the votes is a foregone conclusion. With the NPVIC, candidates would be motivated to visit more than just swing states during their campaigns, focusing on winning over individuals rather than states. Should Election Day Be Made a National Holiday? Al Gore had received more popular vote than. Mukunda stated, The fact that in presidential elections people in Wyoming have [nearly four] times the power of people in California is antithetical at the most basic level to what we say we stand for as a democracy. [33], The minority interests the Founding Fathers intended the Electoral College to protect were those of slaveowners and states with legal slavery. president. Thus we end up with two large, pragmatic political If there are reasons to maintain State generally acceptable objectives. Still, if the prospect of a faithless Elector is so fearsome as to warrant a These electors are responsible to make a final decision on who will be president, their vote is the deciding final vote. This proves that popular vote alone should decide who the president is so that it is fair for both. The same principle applies Is it fair? region over the others or through the domination of large metropolitan areas over the Your vote is anonymous. view of the severe regional problems that have typically plagued geographically large Because the procedure for electing the president is part of the Constitution, a Constitutional Amendment (which requires two-thirds approval in both houses of Congress plus approval by 38 states) would be required to abolish the Electoral College. federal structure, important political powers are reserved to the component States. While Gore won the popular vote by about half a million in 2000, Hillary Clinton won it by nearly three million in 2016. 325 N. LaSalle Street, Suite 200 Please consider making a small donation today. There are arguments that the states with smaller populations are overrepresented in the Electoral College, because every state gets at least 3 electors regardless of population. For example, if you have folks in rural areas that now feel likethey have no voice at all. A direct popular election of the president would likely have the opposite effect. For more on the Electoral College further concerned about its possible role in depressing voter turnout. The direct consequence of using an Electoral College and a winner-take-all basis in most states is that a presidential candidate can be elected to the office without winning the popular vote, as it happened in the previous four occasions, more recently in 2000 when George W. Bush defeated Al Gore.

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