10 facts about the belfast blitzbest freshman dorm at coastal carolina

the Blitz, (September 7, 1940May 11, 1941), intense bombing campaign undertaken by Nazi Germany against the United Kingdom during World War II. continuous trek to railway stations. From September 1940 until May 1941, Britain was subjected to sustained enemy bombing campaign, now known as the Blitz. Protection of the city fell to seven anti-aircraft batteries of 16 heavy guns and six light guns. With the surrender of France in June 1940, Germanys sole remaining enemy lay across the English Channel. The couple, who ran a children's home, stayed with Anna's parents, William and Harriette Denby, and her sisters, Dot and Isa, at Evelyn Gardens, off the Cavehill Road, in the north of the city. Belfast, Irish Bal Feirste, city, district, and capital of Northern Ireland, on the River Lagan, at its entrance to Belfast Lough (inlet of the sea). 2. The attacks were authorized by Germanys chancellor, Adolf Hitler, after the British carried out a nighttime air raid on Berlin. The Belfast Blitzconsisted of four German air raids on strategic targets in the city of Belfastin Northern Ireland, in April and May 1941 during World War II, causing high casualties. That evening over 150 bombers left their bases in northern France and the Netherlands and headed for Belfast. Nevertheless, for all the hardship it caused, the campaign proved to be a strategic mistake by the Germans. Because basements, a logical destination in the event of an air raid, were a relative rarity in Britain, the A.R.P. John Clarke MacDermott, the Minister of Public Security, after the first bombing, initiated the "Hiram Plan" to evacuate the city and to return Belfast to 'normality' as quickly as possible. There wasn't enough room for Anna or Billy, so they sheltered elsewhere, a twist of fate that would save their lives. The Blitz began at around 4 pm on September 7, 1940, when German bomber planes first appeared over London. The British government had anticipated air attacks on its population centres, and it had predicted catastrophic casualties. Interesting facts about Belfast. Sir Basil Brooke, the Minister of Agriculture, was the only active minister. Many bodies and body parts could not be identified. In many cases the daily life of the city was able to resume with delays of only hours. Video, 00:01:37Thanks, but no big speech, in Ken Bruce's sign off, Tear gas fired at Greece train crash protesters. Several accounts point out that Belfast, standing at the end of the long inlet of Belfast Lough, would be easily located. Guided by Davies, the people of the shelter created an ad hoc government and established a set of rules. The bombs continued to fall until 5am. The Air Raid Precautions (A.R.P.) The first was on the night of 7-8 April 1941, a small attack which probably took place only to test Belfast's defences. Many of the surface shelters built by local authorities were flimsy and provided little protection from bombs, falling debris, and fire. They prevented low-flying aircraft from approaching their targets at optimal altitudes and angles of attack. Over the course of three days, some 1.5 million civiliansthe overwhelming majority of them childrenwere transported from urban centres to rural areas that were believed to be safe. By 6am, within two hours of the request for assistance, 71 firemen with 13 fire tenders from Dundalk, Drogheda, Dublin, and Dn Laoghaire were on their way to cross the Irish border to assist their Belfast colleagues. Indeed, on the night of the first raid, no Royal Air Force (RAF) aircraft took to the air to intercept German planes. The Belfast blitz is remembered. 9. Most of the objectives laid out by the reconnaissance crews were of either military or industrial importance. On September 1, 1939, the day World War II began with Germanys invasion of Poland, the British government implemented a massive evacuation plan. By 1940, Short and Harland could shelter its entire workforce and Harland and Wolff had provision to shelter 16,000 workers. Very early in the German bombing campaign, it became clear that the preparationshowever extensive they seemed to have beenwere inadequate. The sense of relative calm was abruptly shattered in the first week of September 1940, when the war came to London in earnest. The first was on the night of 78 April 1941, a small attack which probably took place only to test Belfast's defences. Ulster Historical Foundation. Children and World War Two - History Learning Site Of the churches, besides St. Pauls cathedral, where at one time were five unexploded bombs in the immediate vicinity and the roof of which was pierced by another that exploded and shattered the high altar to fragments, those damaged were Westminster abbey, St. Margarets Westminster, Southwark cathedral; fifteen Wren churches (including St. [9], War materials and food were sent by sea from Belfast to Great Britain, some under the protection of the neutral Irish tricolour. The British, on the other hand, were supremely well prepared for the kind of battle in which they now found themselves. This hub of industry and trade represented a legitimate military target for the Germans, and some 25,000 bombs were dropped on the Port of London alone. The Royal Air Force announced that Squadron Leader J.W.C. Once more, London was targeted and children were victims. O'Sullivan reported: "There were many terrible mutilations among both living and dead heads crushed, ghastly abdominal and face wounds, penetration by beams, mangled and crushed limbs etc.". Nurse Emma Duffin, who had served in World War I, contrasted death in that conflict with what she saw:.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}. The Premier Online Military History Magazine, Re-printed with permission fromWartimeNI.com. On August 2, Luftwaffe commander Hermann Gring issued his Eagle Day directive, laying down a plan of attack in which a few massive blows from the air were to destroy British air power and so open the way for the invasion. Yesterday the hand of good-fellowship was reached across the Border. Prior to the "Belfast Blitz" there were only 200 public shelters in the city, although around 4,000 households had built their own private shelters. The Blitz of Belfast 1941 - History Learning Site Belfast made a considerable contribution towards the Allied war effort, producing many naval ships, aircraft and munitions; therefore, the city was deemed a suitable bombing target by the Luftwaffe. The famous Harland and Wolff cranes are called Samson and Goliath. A Luftwaffe pilot gave this description "We were in exceptional good humour knowing that we were going for a new target, one of England's last hiding places. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. The success of Mickeys Shelter was another factor that urged the government to improve existing deep shelters and to create new ones. The next took place on Easter Tuesday, 15 April 1941, when 200 Luftwaffe bombers attacked military and manufacturing targets in the city of Belfast. Belfast is located on the island of Ireland. ", Mapping the lives lost in the Belfast Blitz. A Luftwaffe terror bombing attack on the Spanish city of Guernica (April 26, 1937) during the Spanish Civil War had killed hundreds of civilians and destroyed much of the town. Outside of London, with some 900 dead, this was the greatest loss of life in a night raid during the Blitz. The Blitz | Facts, History, Damage, & Casualties | Britannica Prayers were said and hymns sung by the mainly Protestant women and children during the bombing. Interesting facts about Belfast | Just Fun Facts Despite the military and industrial importance of the city, the Luftwaffe described the defences asweak, scanty, insufficient. As well as photographs, the Luftwaffe gathered information on landmarks, potential targets and defences or lack thereof. This type of shelteressentially a low steel cage large enough to contain two adults and two small childrenwas designed to be set up indoors and could serve as a refuge if the building began to collapse. People are leaving from all parts of town and not only from the bombed areas. Sometimes they were trying establish a blockade by destroying shipping and port facilities, sometimes they were directly attacking Fighter Command ground installations, sometimes they were targeting aircraft factories, and sometimes they were attempting to engage Fighter Command in the skies. Around 20,000 people were employed on the site with 35,000 further along in the shipyard. They are sleeping in the same sheugh (ditch), below the same tree or in the same barn. Three nights later (April 1920) London was again subjected to a seven-hour raid, and the loss of life was considerable, especially among firefighters and the A.R.P. I felt outraged, I should have felt sympathy, grief, but instead feelings of revulsion and disgust assailed me. We were in exceptional good humour knowing that we were going for a new target, one of Englands last hiding places, said one pilot of the raid. Video, 00:01:41, The German bombing of Coventry. Looking back on the Belfast Blitz, Oberleutnant Becker signed off with the following words: A war is the worst thing that can happen to Mankind. [citation needed], Other writers, such as Tony Gray in The Lost Years state that the Germans did follow their radio guidance beams. Belfast Blitz: Marking the lost lives 80 years on. Belfast Blitz: Facts In total there were four attacks on the County Antrim city. Brian Barton of Queen's University, Belfast, has written most on this topic.[19]. When war broke out in 1939 the city did not expect to be attacked by German bombers: it was geographically remote and deemed a relatively . The most heavily bombed cities outside London were Liverpool and Birmingham. Video, 00:00:26, Living through the London Blitz. Nearby were the citys main power station, gasworks, telephone house and the Sirocco Engineering works. Tommy Henderson, an Independent Unionist MP in the House of Commons of Northern Ireland, summed up the feeling when he invited the Minister of Home Affairs to Hannahstown and the Falls Road, saying "The Catholics and the Protestants are going up there mixed and they are talking to one another. Public buildings destroyed or badly damaged included Belfast City Hall's Banqueting Hall, the Ulster Hospital for Women and Children and Ballymacarrett library, (the last two being located on Templemore Avenue). Also, on Queens Island, stood the Short and Harland Ltd. Aircraft Factory. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Accounts differ as to when flares were dropped to light up the city. The period of the next moon from say the 7th to the 16th of April may well bring our turn." The past doesnt change, its just over.. The attacks were authorized by Germany's chancellor, Adolf Hitler, after the British carried out a nighttime air raid on Berlin. Anna and Billy returned to England and continued running the children's home. London was bombed for 57 consecutive nights from 7 September 1940 Belfast confetti," said one archive news report. The ill-fated ship was built in the city in 1912, and to this day, there is a museum dedicated to its building and the lives of all of those on board. Video, 00:01:23Watch: Matt Hancock message row in 83 seconds, One-minute World News. When Germany bombed Belfast as part of the Blitz during World War Two, the massive air raids left more than a thousand people dead. Belfast was bombed by the Nazis in World War II. 10 Awesome Facts About Fibre - linkedin.com No significant cut was made in necessary social services, and public and private premises, except when irreparably damaged, were repaired as speedily as possible. When a bombing raid was imminent, air-raid sirens were set off to sound a warning. Those who sought refuge at the school were told that they would quickly be relocated to a safer area, but the evacuation was delayed. Some had received food, others were famished. The attacks by both V1's and V2's only ended as the Allies advanced up through Western Europe . There were few bomb shelters. Public Record Office of Northern Ireland, Historical Topics Series 2, The Belfast Blitz, 2007, This page was last edited on 31 January 2023, at 20:18. On July 16, 1940, Hitler issued a directive ordering the preparation and, if necessary, execution of Operation Sea Lion, the amphibious invasion of Great Britain. Video, 00:01:41NI WW2 veterans honoured by France, The Spitfire turns 80. As well as these two major targets, other firms in Belfast produced valuable materials for the war effort including munitions, linen, ropes, food supplies and, of course, cigarettes. wardens, and members of the Home Guard drilling in the parks, life went on much as usual. The refugees looked dazed and horror stricken and many had neglected to bring more than a few belongings Any and every means of exit from the city was availed of and the final destination appeared to be a matter of indifference. [citation needed]. Blitz Fibre UK Blitz Fibre UK Published Mar 1, 2023 + Follow Fact 1- Small but Mighty . But the RAF had not responded. He stated that "he would once more tell his government how he felt about the matter and he would ask them to confine the operations to military objectives as far as it was humanly possible. "A lot of the people I spoke to were relatives who ended up donating images and handwritten letters from before and after the Blitz. Roads out of town are still one stream of cars, with mattresses and bedding tied on top. Video, 00:00:36, Tears of relief after man found in Amazon jungle. [21] Mass graves for the unclaimed bodies were dug in the Milltown and Belfast City Cemeteries. The first day of the Blitz is remembered as Black Saturday. Belfast Blitz: The Luftwaffe attacks Northern Ireland - WartimeNI Subs offer. His death (along with preceding ill-health) came at a bad time and arguably inadvertently caused a leadership vacuum. Burke Street which ran between Annadale and Dawson streets in the New Lodge area, was completely wiped off the map with all its 20 houses flattened and all of the occupants killed.[16]. The government announced that 77 people had died, but for years local residents insisted the toll was much higher. The Belfast blitz during World War Two - BBC News On the 60th anniversary of the Belfast Blitz, Luftwaffe Pilot Gerhardt Becker spoke to BBC Northern Ireland about his mission over Belfast in 1941. Authorities had noted Queens Island in the cityas a vulnerable point as early as 1929. Many people who were dug out of the rubble alive had taken shelter underneath their stairs and were fortunate that their homes had not received a direct hit or caught fire. Brooke noted in his diary "I gave him authority as it is obviously a question of expediency". Video, 00:01:15The Belfast blitz, Up Next. Contributions poured in from every part of the world in such profusion that on October 28 its scope was extended to cover the whole of the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland. It is believed that the wartime government covered up the death toll because of concern over the effect it would have had on public morale. By the. At 10:40pm the air raid sirens sounded. Tragically 35 were crushed to death when the mill wall collapsed. They remained for three days, until they were sent back by the Northern Ireland government. An earlier flight on Oct. 18 allowed the crew to plot several targets in the city. At the start of World War Two, Belfast had considered itself safe from an aerial attack, as the city's leaders believed that Belfast was simply too far away for Luftwaffe bombers to reach - assuming that they would have to fly from Nazi Germany. The Blitz was devastating for the people of London and other cities. But these people all had families and friends and they had to deal with their loss for the rest of their lives.". Both planes quickly proved their mettle against German bombers, and Germanys best fighter, the Bf 109, was of limited use as an escort due to its relatively short operating range. On the 17th I heard that hundreds who either could not get away or could not leave for other reasons simply went out into the fields and remained in the open all night with whatever they could take in the way of covering. Read about our approach to external linking. From a purely military perspective, the Blitz was entirely counterproductive to the main purpose of Germanys air offensiveto dominate the skies in advance of an invasion of England. Moya Woodside[23] noted in her diary: "Evacuation is taking on panic proportions. Apart from one or two false alarms in the early days of the war, no sirens wailed in London until June 25. Fortunately, the railway telegraphy link between Belfast and Dublin was still operational. Victory for the Royal Air Forces (RAFs) Fighter Command blocked this possibility and, in fact, created the conditions for Britains survival and the eventual destruction of the Third Reich. When the house was hit William, Harriette, Dorothy, 36-year-old Dot and 41-year-old Isa were all killed. In the west and north of the city, streets heavily bombed included Percy Street, York Park, York Crescent, Eglinton Street, Carlisle Street, Ballyclare, Ballycastle and Ballynure Streets off the Oldpark Road; Southport Street, Walton Street, Antrim Road, Annadale Street, Cliftonville Road, Hillman Street, Atlantic Avenue, Hallidays Road, Hughenden Avenue, Sunningdale Park, Shandarragh Park, and Whitewell Road. By then most of the major fires were under control and the firemen from Clydeside and other British cities were arriving. 10 fascinating facts about Belfast that you probably didn't know The Belfast blitz devastated a city that up until 1941 had remained unscathed during World War Two. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Although there were some comparatively slight raids later in 1941, the most notable one on July 27, the May 1011 attack marked the conclusion of the Blitz. He believed that this was being done already but it was inevitable that a certain number of civilian lives should be lost in the course of heavy bombing from the air". With tangled hair, staring eyes, clutching hands, contorted limbs, their grey-green faces covered with dust, they lay, bundled into the coffins, half-shrouded in rugs or blankets, or an occasional sheet, still wearing their dirty, torn twisted garments. After his optician business was destroyed by a bomb, Mickey Davies led an effort to organize the Spitalfield Shelter. A Raid From Above In the mistaken belief that they might damage RAF fighters, the anti-aircraft batteries ceased firing. These figures are based on newspaper reports of the time, personal recollections and other primary sources, such as:- Elsewhere in the skies over Britain, Nazi official Rudolph Hess chose that same evening to parachute into Scotland on a quixotic and wholly unauthorized peace mission. "Liverpool, Clydebank and Portsmouth all have a memorial to their victims of the Blitz. There were Heinkel He 111s, Junkers Ju 88s and Dornier Do 17s. 6. There was no smokescreen ability, however there were some barrage balloons positioned strategically for protection. Belfast Blitz: Marking the lost lives 80 years on A force of 180 bombers dropped 750 bombs - including 203 tonnes of high explosives - and 29,000 incendiaries over a five-hour period. He gave an interview saying: "the people of Belfast are Irish people too". Taoiseach amon de Valera formally protested to Berlin. Strand Public Elementary school, York Road railway station, the adjacent Midland Hotel on York Road, and Salisbury Avenue tram depot were all hit. In Bristol, the bombed-out ruins of St Peter's Church were left standing with added memorial plaques to the civilians who were killed. The "Hiram Plan" initiated by Dawson Bates, the Home Affairs Minister, had failed to materialise. And even then, Westminster stated it was not ample provision; Stormont still worried about the costs to industry. On 4-5 May, another raid, made up of 204 bombers, killed another 203 people and the following night 22 more died. The Belfast blitz. On September 10, 1940, the school was flattened by a German bomb, and people huddled in the basement were killed or trapped in the rubble. The creeping TikTok bans, Hong Kong skyscraper fire seen on city's skyline. Even the children of soldiers had not been evacuated, with calamitous results when the married quarters of Victoria Barracks received a direct hit. It targeted the docks. C.S Lewis was born in Belfast, and the nearby countryside helped inspire The Chronicles of Narnia. "These people are often seen as a statistic but they were human beings, people who lived and grew up in - or moved to - Belfast and died in Belfast," Mr Freeburn, the museum's collections officer, says. In his interview, Becker stated that only military objectives were aimed for. Belfast Blitz - Wikipedia Other Belfast factories manufactured gun mountings. Horrendous Belfast losses during World War Two bombing blitz Rescue workers search through the rubble of Eglington Street in Belfast, Northern Ireland, after a German Luftwaffe air raid, 7 May 1941, Anna (left) and her husband Billy (back right) survived while Harriette, Dorothy and Billy were killed along with Dot and Isa, Dot and Isa, with Dorothy when she was a toddler, Royal Welch Fusiliers assist in clearing bomb damage in Belfast, Northern Ireland, 7 May 1941, Mapping the lives lost in the Belfast Blitz. Video, 00:00:36Tears of relief after man found in Amazon jungle. The city has been a leader in women's rights. Belfast is famous for being the birthplace of the Titanic. Major O'Sullivan reported that "In the heavily 'blitzed' areas people ran panic-stricken into the streets and made for the open country. Here are 10 facts about both the German Blitzkrieg and the Allied bombing of Germany. Davies also set up medical stations and persuaded off-duty medical personnel to treat the sick and wounded. On the ground, there were only 22 anti-aircraft guns positioned around the city, six light and 16 heavy, and on the first night only seven of these were manned and operational. When the war began, Belfast, like many other cities, adopted the wartime practices of rationing and blackouts. (Great War casualties) had died in hospital beds, their eyes had been reverently closed, their hands crossed to their breasts. [citation needed], There was a second massive air raid on Belfast on Sunday 45 May 1941, three weeks after that of Easter Tuesday. William Joyce (known as "Lord Haw-Haw") announced in radio broadcasts from Hamburg that there will be "Easter eggs for Belfast". 10 Facts about Belfast City. [25] He followed up with his "they are our people" speech, made in Castlebar, County Mayo, on Sunday 20 April 1941 (Quoted in the Dundalk Democrat dated Saturday 26 April 1941): In the past, and probably in the present, too, a number of them did not see eye to eye with us politically, but they are our people we are one and the same people and their sorrows in the present instance are also our sorrows; and I want to say to them that any help we can give to them in the present time we will give to them whole-heartedly, believing that were the circumstances reversed they would also give us their help whole-heartedly Frank Aiken, the Irish Minister for the Co-ordination of Defensive Measures was in Boston, Massachusetts at the time. During the whole period, although the citys operation was disrupted in ways that were sometimes serious, no essential service was more than temporarily impaired. Everything on wheels is being pressed into service. The M.V. 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In just these few hours, 430 people were killed and 1,600 were badly injured. Just eight days earlier, eight planes destroyed the aircraft fuselage factory and damaged the docks, with 15 people ultimately killed as a result of that raid. Video, 00:00:51, Australia's 'biggest drug bust' nets $700m of cocaine, Thanks, but no big speech, in Ken Bruce's sign off. Over 500 received care from the Irish Red Cross in Dublin. Video, 00:01:09The Spitfire turns 80, The German bombing of Coventry. At the time of the first attack in April 1941, there were no operational searchlights, too few anti-aircraft batteries and scarcely enough public air raid shelters for a quarter of the population. devised the Morrison shelter (named for Home Secretary Herbert Stanley Morrison) as an alternative to the Anderson shelter. [12], There was little preparation for the conflict with Germany. In every instance, all stepped forward. 50,000 houses, more than half the houses in the city, were damaged. 2. The devastation was so great that the Germans coined a new verb, to coventrate, to describe it. Instead of pressing his advantage, however, Hitler abruptly changed his strategy. That night almost 300 people, many from the Protestant Shankill area, took refuge in the Clonard Monastery in the Catholic Falls Road. London seemed ablaze from the docks to Westminster, much damage was done, and casualties were high. Churches destroyed or wrecked included Macrory Memorial Presbyterian in Duncairn Gardens; Duncairn Methodist, Castleton Presbyterian on York Road; St Silas's on the Oldpark Road; St James's on the Antrim Road; Newington Presbyterian on Limestone Road; Crumlin Road Presbyterian; Holy Trinity on Clifton Street and Clifton Street Presbyterian; York Street Presbyterian and York Street Non-Subscribing Presbyterian; Newtownards Road Methodist and Rosemary Street Presbyterian (the last of which was not rebuilt).

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